2,4,5-Trichlorophenol

2.4.5-Trichlorophenol Technical Profile

Category	Specifications
Chemical Name	2.4.5-Trichlorophenol
CAS Number	95-95-4
Molecular Formula	C₆H₃Cl₃O
Molecular Weight	197.45 g/mol
Appearance	Gray to brown crystalline solid
Melting Point	68-70°C
Boiling Point	253°C
Solubility	Slightly soluble in water (0.12 g/L at 20°C), soluble in organic solvents
Density	1.678 g/cm³

Chemical Properties

Property	Characteristics
Acidity (pKa)	6.9-7.2
Stability	Stable under normal conditions
Decomposition	Releases HCl when heated above 300°C
Reactivity	Forms salts with bases, undergoes electrophilic substitution

Production Methods

Process	Description
Chlorination	Direct chlorination of phenol
Hydrolysis	Hydrolysis of 1.2.4.5-tetrachlorobenzene

Applications

Industry	Use
Agriculture	Formerly used as pesticide intermediate
Chemical Synthesis	Precursor for herbicides and preservatives
Pharmaceuticals	Intermediate for certain drugs (historical)

Safety & Handling

Parameter	Value/Requirement
OSHA PEL	0.5 mg/m³ (8-hour TWA)
LD50 (oral, rat)	820 mg/kg
Environmental Impact	Persistent organic pollutant
Storage Requirements	Cool, dry, ventilated area
Personal Protection	Gloves, goggles, respirator required

Regulatory Status

Regulation	Status
Stockholm Convention	Listed as POP
EPA Classification	Priority pollutant
EU REACH	Restricted substance

Note: This compound has been largely phased out due to toxicity concerns, particularly regarding dioxin contamination in its derivatives. Current applications are extremely limited and subject to strict regulations.

2,4,5-Trichlorophenol

Chemical Formula: C₆H₃Cl₃O
Structure: Chlorinated phenol with:

A ​hydroxyl group (-OH) and ​three chlorine atoms (-Cl) at the ​2, 4, and 5 positions on a benzene ring.Asymmetrical substitution pattern.

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​Physical Properties

​Appearance: White to pale yellow crystalline solid.​Odor: Strong phenolic odor.

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​Applications

​Chemical Synthesis:Precursor for ​pesticides, herbicides, and ​disinfectants.Intermediate in ​dyes, pharmaceuticals, and ​wood preservatives.​Specialty Chemicals:Production of ​flame retardants and industrial additives.

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​Safety Considerations ⚠️

​Toxicity:Toxic via inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact; causes ​severe irritation to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.​Handling:Use ​PPE (gloves, goggles, respirator) and work in a ​well-ventilated area.​Storage:Store in a ​cool, dry place away from ​heat and incompatible materials (e.g., strong oxidizers).

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Summary:
2,4,5-Trichlorophenol’s ​chlorinated phenolic structure and ​asymmetrical reactivity make it critical in agrochemical, disinfectant, and flame-retardant production. Its role in industrial and pharmaceutical synthesis underscores its versatility, but strict ​safety protocols are essential due to its toxicity and irritant hazards.

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