Chloroacetyl chloride

Chloroacetyl Chloride

Chemical Formula: C₂H₂Cl₂O
Structure: Highly reactive ​acyl chloride and ​alkylating agent with:

A ​chlorine atom (-Cl) on the ​carbonyl carbon (-COCl).A ​chlorine atom (-Cl) on the ​methylene carbon (-CH₂Cl).

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​Physical Properties

​Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid.​Odor: Pungent, irritating.​Reactivity:​Moisture-sensitive: Reacts violently with water, releasing ​HCl gas.Participates in ​acylation and ​alkylation reactions.

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​Applications

​Organic Synthesis:Introduces ​chloroacetyl groups for synthesizing ​pharmaceuticals, ​agrochemicals, and ​dyes.​Herbicide Production:Precursor for ​chloroacetamide derivatives (e.g., herbicides).​Biomolecule & Polymer Modification:Functionalizes ​peptides and ​polymers.

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​Safety Considerations ⚠️

​Health Hazards:​Corrosive: Causes severe burns to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.​Toxic: Inhalation or contact may lead to systemic toxicity.​Handling:Use ​PPE (gloves, goggles, respirator) and work in a ​fume hood.​Storage:Store in a ​cool, dry, airtight container away from ​moisture and incompatible substances (e.g., bases, alcohols).

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Summary:
Chloroacetyl chloride’s ​dual reactivity as an acyl chloride and alkylating agent makes it indispensable in chemical synthesis and herbicide production. Its ​corrosive nature and ​moisture sensitivity demand stringent safety measures during handling and storage.

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