Myristoyl chloride

Myristoyl Chloride

Chemical Formula: C₁₄H₂₇ClO
Classification: Acyl chloride derived from ​myristic acid, with a ​14-carbon myristoyl group (CH₃(CH₂)₁₂CO-) and a ​carbonyl chloride (-COCl).

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​Physical Properties

​Appearance: Clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid.​Odor: Pungent.​Reactivity:​Moisture-sensitive: Reacts violently with water, releasing ​HCl gas.Highly reactive in ​acylation reactions (e.g., esterification, amidation).

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​Applications

​Organic Synthesis:Introduces ​myristoyl groups to synthesize ​esters, amides, and derivatives for ​pharmaceuticals and ​agrochemicals.​Surfactant Production:Key intermediate in ​cosmetics, detergents, and personal care products.

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​Safety Considerations ⚠️

​Health Hazards:​Corrosive: Causes severe burns to skin, eyes, and respiratory tract.Releases ​HCl gas upon hydrolysis.​Handling:Use ​PPE (gloves, goggles, respirator) and work in a ​fume hood.​Storage:Store in a ​cool, dry, airtight container away from ​moisture and incompatible substances (e.g., bases, oxidizers).

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Summary:
Myristoyl chloride’s ​high reactivity and ​long-chain acyl group make it critical in synthesizing surfactants, pharmaceuticals, and specialty chemicals. Strict ​safety protocols are essential due to its corrosive nature and moisture sensitivity.

Myristoyl Chloride: Technical Overview

Myristoyl chloride (C₁₄H₂₇ClO) is a fatty acid chloride derived from myristic acid, widely used in organic synthesis, pharmaceuticals, and specialty chemicals. Below is a structured summary of its properties, applications, and safety data.

Basic Chemical Properties

Category	Specifications
Chemical Name	Tetradecanoyl chloride
CAS No.	112-64-1
Molecular Formula	C₁₄H₂₇ClO
Molecular Weight	246.82 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless to pale yellow liquid
Odor	Pungent, acrid
Density (20°C)	0.91–0.93 g/cm³
Boiling Point	160–165°C (15 mmHg)
Flash Point	>110°C (closed cup)
Solubility	Reacts with water; soluble in organic solvents (e.g., ether, THF, chloroform)

Key Chemical Characteristics

Property	Description
Reactivity	Highly reactive with nucleophiles (e.g., alcohols, amines).
Hydrolysis	Rapidly hydrolyzes in water to myristic acid and HCl.
Acylation Efficiency	Excellent for introducing myristoyl groups in organic synthesis.
Thermal Stability	Stable at room temperature; decomposes at high temperatures (>200°C).

Primary Applications

Industry	Use Case
Pharmaceuticals	– Prodrug synthesis – Lipophilic modification of APIs
Cosmetics	– Surfactant precursor – Emollient ester production
Organic Synthesis	– Acylation agent for alcohols/amines – Fatty acid derivatives
Agrochemicals	– Intermediate for pesticide formulations
Polymers & Coatings	– Monomer for specialty polyesters

Handling & Safety Data

Parameter	Guidelines
Storage Conditions	– Dry, cool (<25°C), inert atmosphere – Moisture-sensitive
Corrosivity	Causes severe skin/eye burns; corrodes metals.
Toxicity	– Harmful if inhaled/swallowed – Causes respiratory irritation
First Aid Measures	– Skin contact: Rinse with water – Inhalation: Move to fresh air
Fire Hazards	Combustible at high temperatures; emits toxic HCl fumes when heated.
Environmental Impact	Toxic to aquatic life; avoid release into water systems.

Regulatory Compliance

Regulation	Status
REACH	Registered
OSHA Hazards	Corrosive, irritant
Transport Class	8 (Corrosive)

Note: Due to its reactivity, myristoyl chloride should be handled under controlled conditions (gloves, goggles, fume hood).

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