Water Quality Analysis

Water Quality Analysis: Comprehensive Technical Overview

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1. Definition & Purpose

Water quality analysis is a systematic evaluation of physical, chemical, and biological parameters to determine water safety and usability. It supports:

Public health protection (drinking water compliance)Ecosystem monitoring (aquatic life preservation)Pollution source tracking (industrial/agricultural runoff)

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2. Key Parameters & Testing Methods

Category	Parameters	Standard Methods	Target Values (WHO/EPA)
Physical	Turbidity, Color, Temperature	ASTM D1889 (Turbidity)	Turbidity <1 NTU (drinking)
Chemical	pH, DO, BOD, COD, Heavy Metals	EPA 200.7 (Metals), APHA 4500 (BOD)	pH 6.5–8.5; Pb <0.01 mg/L
Biological	E. coli, Coliforms, Algae	ISO 9308-1 (Bacteria), EPA 440.4	0 CFU/100mL (E. coli, drinking)
Nutrients	Nitrates, Phosphates	APHA 4500-NO₃ (Nitrates)	NO₃⁻ <50 mg/L (WHO)

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3. Sampling & Analysis Workflow

Sampling:Follow ISO 5667 protocols (clean containers, preservatives).Types: Grab (spot) vs. Composite (time/flow-weighted).Field Tests:Portable meters for pH, DO, conductivity.Lab Analysis:Spectroscopy (ICP-OES for metals).Chromatography (HPLC for pesticides).Microbiology (membrane filtration for bacteria).

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4. Applications by Water Source

Source	Priority Tests	Common Issues
Drinking Water	Pathogens, Chlorine, Lead	Disinfection byproducts (THMs)
Surface Water	BOD, Algae, Pesticides	Eutrophication (high phosphates)
Groundwater	Nitrates, Arsenic, VOCs	Industrial contamination
Wastewater	COD, TSS, Oil/Grease	Heavy metals (e.g., Hg, Cd)

Declaration: The products displayed on this website are intended exclusively for industrial applications or scientific research. They are not intended for medical, pharmaceutical, or food use. In accordance with applicable laws and regulations, purchasing organizations must hold valid qualifications and approvals.